Dear Farm Fam, Simon coming atcha with another update from my time farming in New Mexico – Cerrillos addition. On September 30th I said goodbye to Loose Leaf Farm in Albuquerque and started my short journey Northwards to the small town of Los Cerrillos where my next farm, Chelenzo Farms, is located. Well, to be more precise the farm is located outside of Cerrillos; to get to the farm one must drive about 1.5 miles down a bumpy, eroded dirt road that makes the Baltimore potholes feel like driving over a pebble. Once arrived you’ll be in the high desert of New Mexico and met with spectacular views of rolling hills bespeckled with life such as juniper trees, chamisa, cholla, snakeweed, saltbush, prickly pear cactus, and much more. The ecosystem is quite different from the farm I was last at (Loose Leaf Farm) where you would find larger trees like cottonwoods and soil with a higher clay content. The operation of the farm, and thus my daily tasks, differ too. Chelenzo Farms has a herdshare which, much like a CSA, allows community members weekly access to goat milk, cheese, yogurt, and ice cream. Almost every morning I help with milking the goats – something I had never done before which took me a bit to get the hang of. Unfortunately it's not as easy as just squeezing the udder. It requires a consistent but rolling pressure throughout your hand which should be cinched high around the goat’s teat. We get about ½ gallon of milk per day but are currently only milking two of the goats due to some herd health concerns. The goats are mainly breeds that are well adjusted to the mountainous conditions like Nubian and La Mancha. These goats are known for being trusty milkers with higher butterfat content and also having a sweet temperament well suited for a family farm like the one I am on. The milk that isn’t immediately given to the herdshare will be used to make cheese (mainly chevre), yogurt, and ice cream. Making the cheese is surprisingly easy – you just have to get the milk up to 86 degrees F and then remove from the heat and add your chevre cheese culture –1 packet per gallon of milk. You then give it a stir, let it sit for about 8 hrs and then, using a cheesecloth and colander, remove the cheese from the whey overnight. The next morning, voila! you have chevre. We will usually season it with salt and herbs from the garden but it's really a blank canvas for your pallet; add some sundried tomatoes, roasted garlic, berry compote or sugar for a sweeter flair. Once the milking is taken care of, some time is spent with the rest of the herd and the other animals; two pigs and a flock of chickens. The chickens that are currently around are just egg layers for personal use – the chickens for eating were processed a couple of months before I arrived. The pigs arrived just a few days after myself and are being raised for consumption. They arrived as small piglets just a few weeks old but have been rapidly growing since – about a pound a day!
For a goat to be milked it has to be impregnated about once every two years which means your herd can grow rather quickly. This creates a bit of a challenge since goats eat a lot and need space to forage. Some choose to keep some of the kids and raise them to be milked while selling the others. Often when selling the goats they will be used for meat, especially if it is a wether (castrated male) since it does not provide the benefit of breeding. While I was here, two from the herd were killed and processed for meat and hide – a wether that would not sell and a two year old doe with CAE (Caprine arthritis encephalitis), a virus that made her arthritic and unable to be milked. I was not required to participate or even be present for the killing and processing, but I chose to be. This was an incredibly challenging and emotional task as I had grown a connection with the herd. Goats are very social, curious creatures and this herd really found their way into my heart where I found myself having a relationship with each goat. This made me want to see the relationship through with these two goats and I also wanted to learn humane and ethical ways to kill and process goats. As hard as it was, I was glad to be there to honor the goats’ lives. As an advocate for reestablishing a robust relationship to our food, I believe it is very important to know where one’s food is coming from, and for those who choose to eat meat to do their best to find providers that give the animal a good life and a quick and painless death. It is so important to appreciate the offering that another life has made for one’s nourishment regardless of whether that life is of flora or fauna. This farm also has a smaller garden space in comparison to my last farm but we are still able to produce enough food for ourselves and to sell at the local Cerrillos Farmers Market. They have a very laid back market with about eight vendors and there isn’t too much money to be made at market but it's been a great way to build relationships with the community. At these markets I’ve been able to learn about the community garden efforts in town and what tastes to cater to for the locals. This October we were able to bring many leafy greens, sugar pumpkins, cucumbers, peppers, eggplant, zucchini, radishes, turnips, and herbs. It has been fun to learn the trial and errors this farm has gone through to build up a more nutrient rich and living soil in the high desert. Most recently they have found success with a hugelkultur style bed in the rows they grow in.
Aside from the animals and veggies, Chelenzo Farms has also been working on some land restoration and have been planting a variety of desert shrubs, cholla, agave, and cactus. I’ve been able to lend a hand with caring for young agave and had a hand in planting hundreds of shrubs on a steep slope in an attempt to stabilize the soil and reduce erosion. They receive some pretty heavy rains in the summer that can have some pretty intense erosive power. I was present to an unseasonably strong storm during my stay and it was pretty intense to be so high up with a sky covered in a latticework of lightning right overhead. Due to the importance of water in such a dry ecosystem there is some great water capture work being done in the area. I was lucky enough to go to a showing of a docuseries in Santa Fe that captured the work of Bill Zeedyk who is doing some incredible work with low-tech, low-cost projects to “think like water” and restore ecosystems. I would definitely recommend looking into his work if you are interested in that sort of thing – there is definitely plenty of information that could be applied to how we approach stormwater solutions on the East Coast.
My time is now up as a wwoofer and I’ll be sad to be leaving the Southwest, but I am so appreciative for all it has given me during my time here and look forward to returning in the future. I’ll also be happy to return to Freetown Farm and see what everyone has been busy with during my time away! Next time you’re around make sure to say hi :) Ever Growing, Simon
Dear Farm Fam, You may or may not have noticed a lack of presence from your Agroecology Coordinator this past month and that would be due to the fact that I have not been at Freetown Farm since the day after our lovely Food by Freetown dinner. I began my journey to New Mexico that following Saturday for my ‘sabbatical’ where I will be working at two different regenerative ag farms, a month each, through the WWOOF program (World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms)! After moving out of my Baltimore apartment and packing up my car I began my trek across the country with Peter, who some of you may remember as our previous agriculture coordinator in 2022-’23. We saw lush forests in North Carolina, gasped at sun tinged mountains in Tennessee, dipped in hot springs in Arkansas, and ate delicious latin food in Oklahoma City where I said goodbye to Peter and continued to the Black Kettle National Grasslands – or so I thought! I instead found myself raptured by covid and holed away in a hotel until I regained my energy (not in my original itinerary!).
During my time in isolation I was able to reflect more on what I saw during my travels and noted that every corner of this country has something to marvel at. I have done other partial or full cross-country roadtrips but I was able to take a largely new route on this drive. A few relevant highlights are;
When I finally made it to New Mexico (covid free) I made my way to Loose Leaf Farm in Los Ranchos de Albuquerque; my host farm for the month of September. Driving through what I learned is a historic agricultural reserve in the city, I was shocked at the breathtaking amount of small-scale (~0.5-40 acres) farming taking place in the neighborhood. Situated in the North Valley near the Rio Grande, Los Ranchos has been rooted in agriculture for years and the community is staving off the purchasing of farmland to be developed into houses and neighborhoods.
Contrary to the common East Coaster belief, New Mexico is not just barren desert. It is home to awe-inspiring mountains, like the Sandias, riparian wonderlands, such as Rio Grande Basin, and yes, desert and scrub lands that are teeming with life. There is a strong connection to the land in Los Ranchos - a common thread I have found in my exploration of New Mexico thus far. The farmers markets are flush with local produce from Albuquerque, Santa Fe, Taos and Esapnola and attended by many. There are restaurants that purchase a majority of their ingredients from local farmers. A food preservation lending library has been established through Bernalillo County Extension Office and UNM where you can borrow dehydrators, canning materials, and food processors (can we get on that HoCo?). And while not as popular as the East there are still many CSA’s to choose from. I am lucky enough to be here during the chile harvest when the iconic red and green New Mexican chiles are roasted at market, filling the air with a smell inextricably linked with autumn in New Mexico.
Alas, all it is not just chiles and rainbows in this bucolic dream of a neighborhood (although I have been shocked by the number of rainbows bursting over the mountain tops in my short time here). The extreme concentration of wealth and cost of land in this part of Albuquerque make access to long term farming a real challenge - an issue felt by many across the country. Mark and Sarah, the couple who founded Loose Leaf Farm, are well aware of this challenge as they currently lease the ~4 acres they have been working on since 2020. Farming using regenerative practices is a labor of love and requires a lot of time and energy to not only sustain healthy soils but also build new fertile soil. However, when you are investing in soil that you lease rather than own, it can feel like you are setting someone else up for success rather than your own livelihood. This is the case for many who farm in Los Ranchos where wealthy landowners lease their land for others to grow on, allowing those who own the property to cash in on the agricultural tax break. While it is wonderful to be able to take advantage of arable land, it can create challenges when thinking about the long term sustainability of one’s farming operation. And there are also those who still irrigate large green lawns rather than farming – a sight that sorely reminds me of the history of lawns as a status symbol.
During my month at Loose Leaf Farm, I have been trying to learn as much as I can from a farm that focuses primarily on fruit and vegetable production. Believe it or not, this part of Albuquerque is in growing zone 7b - the same as Freetown Farm. This means I have been surrounded by many familiar favorite veggies, although often of different varieties. Some of the familiar tasks I’ve done are saving young plants being choked out by weeds, protecting crops from pests with row cover, planting seeds for fall crops, and harvesting my heart out! Some new territory has been prepping for CSA pickup, mucking the goat pen (an annual task thanks to the deep bedding method), moving the chicken tractor, and harvesting apples for both humans and livestock.
While I’ll be sad to say goodbye to my Loose Leaf friends, I am looking forward to my October, which I’ll be spending with Chelenzo Farms. I hope to offer more insights into New Mexican agriculture in next month’s newsletter, but until then I hope that everyone has been enjoying the East Coast fall (I am sad to be missing October in Maryland – it's truly a magical time of year).
Ever Growing, Simon
Master Gardeners are hard at work creating a native plant demonstration pollinator garden in Columbia’s Freetown Farm, the home of the Community Ecology Institute (CEI). As part of the 2023 Master Gardener intern class, Debbie Lavine requested Maddie Potter, Howard County Master Gardener Coordinator, approve the site for intern volunteer hour credit. A MOU was drafted, and the site was approved. The purpose of the Freetown Farm pollinator garden is to demonstrate how beautiful intentionally planted natives can be, even in small spaces. CEI is a Howard County nonprofit with the mission of cultivating communities where people and nature thrive together.
Debbie Lavine and Kathy Nolte (both MG 2023), are leading the effort. The Freetown Farm site has some full sun, some part sun, and some deep shade. The team is showcasing a variety of native plants in each area, demonstrating plant groupings that will (we hope) thrive. Already this year, 17 master gardeners and interns have spent nearly 175 hours battling impressive weeds and hauling many wagons full of bricks and mulch. They’ve created meandering pathways and filled beds with donated native plants.
This pollinator garden boasts a healthy population of common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca). An arbor supports cascading Maypops (Passiflora incarnata) and Coral honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens), attracting an assortment of bees. The Obedient plant (Physostegia virginiana) looks lovely next to the Blue Mistflower (Conoclinium coelestinum). The Golden Ragwort (Packera aurea), Golden Alexander (Zizia aurea), Carolina Cranesbill (Geranium carolinianum), Ostrich fern (Matteuccia struthiopteris), and Bleeding heart (Dicentra) are starting to fill in the shady areas. An assortment of butterflies, hummingbirds (Trochilidae), and humans (Homo sapiens) also enjoy the garden. The Master Gardeners are cautiously optimistic the new plants will start to outcompete the local weeds, very soon.
AuthorKris Siglin, Master Gardener Intern 2024 Hey y'all Preface: This letter is going to start out a little gloomy but I promise that it has an uplifting ending! I encourage you to read to the end.
experiencing a Winter and Spring full of fluctuations, and in the midst of a Summer that is hot, hot, hot, I’m afraid I don’t have any satisfying answers yet. As I spend my second year doing this work full time I am still getting used to having my hands in the soil almost every day and spending much more time outside than I was able to when I was in the world of academia. I try to maintain a sense of wonder in what I experience and many days I’m lucky that all it takes is a moment of pause to take in the natural world around me. However, I still wonder if the earlier blooms that I'm seeing are due to being in a different part of the country than I was 2 years ago, or if it is due to the warmer weather that we've experienced earlier and earlier in the year. I also have been feeling the difference between suburban/rural heat and urban heat on a daily basis. Living in Baltimore, the heat experienced in the city brings on a different kind of worry. It's the kind of oppressive heat where you know that all living with poor infrastructure or suffering from any sort of chronic illness will struggle to maintain any sense of stability and heat related mortality will rise. I am in no way trying to paint a picture of despair or hopelessness. I would not be in the career that I am if I were not fueled by hope. I am hopeful when I see our community come and spend time in nature in our gardens. I am hopeful when I see the bountiful harvest we are able to produce every week and donate to people experiencing food insecurity in our community. I am hopeful when I see a pollinator that I have only seen in pictures buzzing around one of our patches of flowers. I am hopeful when I walk by the pond in our climate victory garden and am greeted by the ‘cheep, plunk’ of a frog jumping into the water. I am hopeful when I see kiddos not even old enough to form full sentences running around in our woods taking in the immensity of a mature tulip poplar, scattering leaves with every pace. I am hopeful when I nourish myself and others with a delicious meal from food that my own hands grew. I am hopeful when I remind myself that the current climate crisis we are in is not my fault, yet I can still be a part of the solution and inspire others to do the same. I am hopeful when I find my hands buried in dirt, nail polish chipped and rings caked with healthy, nutrient-rich soil. And I am hopeful when I spend time with my friends, my coworkers, my family out in nature growing food, growing plants, and growing with one another in conversation about how we can see not only a future but a bright future ahead of us. As someone who has spent time trying to be mindful about searching for hope I wanted to share some things that I have found helpful. I recognize that I am by no means a figure of authority in this field so please take what I share with you at face value. This is a little list that I had put together for myself in a time of anxiety when I needed to hear about solutions and not problems. I hope that these words can instill hope and maybe provide some comfort in a time that can make those two feelings a bit of a rare commodity. I also wanted to offer the chance for folks to take others' words and find solace in them in the way that I have been able to. So without further ado here’s said list: Steps YOU can take towards climate action & building hope:
Hopeful books:
Voices of hope:
For an intro to the Transit app and how-to: https://help.transitapp.com/article/93-how-to-use-transit
Check out this short vid from MDOT MTA on how to use the Transit app: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNTXf5DBoLU Learn more about driving habits and their energy use here: https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/driveHabits.jsp Learn more about the Howard County LED Light Bulb Exchange Program here: https://www.howardcountymd.gov/News022024 The Meat-Lover’s Guide to Eating Less Meat: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/31/dining/flexitarian-eating-less-meat.html
brought with it a beautiful rejuvenating energy for myself! And it came with no time to spare – the farm is abuzz with wonderful work to be done as we transition from projects that we hoped to but maybe didn’t quite totally finish this Winter and into projects that Mother Nature has pushed to top priority; ready or not!
A peek into a few ongoing projects that I am working on:
In addition to everything above, the Tender Greens (our lovingly self titled farm team) has been busting our behinds to prepare for the Plant Sale season ahead of us. By the time you are reading this Earthapalooza has come and gone but there will be many more plant sales to come - one each Saturday in fact - so worry not if you missed out on getting a plant for your home space. To me plant sales mean getting to spend time talking to the community about some of my most favorite things in the world, encouraging folks to have fun in their growing spaces, and feeling good knowing that we are offering affordable, sustainably grown plants for our community. It’s really a beautiful thing to see the excitement on people’s faces as they load up their boxes with the plants we have been pouring our love into for the past weeks or months. For myself Spring can really be a time for regrowth; physically, mentally, and spiritually. And since Spring can be such a wonderfully busy time for us all I wanted to end with a reminder – both for you dear reader and myself. Don’t forget to take a pause for a small moment of mindfulness to take in the regrowth that surrounds you. Why not even do it right now? Step outside, if you are able, and just take it all in. Notice the buds, the birds, the buzzing. Feel the warmth from the sun and be awash with love knowing that you belong in this community and on this Earth. Ever Growing, Simon  Solitary bee house on the fence at Freetown Farm As you walk across Freetown Farm, you may have noticed small houses hanging on the trees and fences. These are called bee houses, but what are they, and why use them? To understand why bee houses are important for our community, you first need to know the differences between solitary and social bees.
Solitary bees dig holes in wood or soil instead of building hives. Bee houses provide homes for solitary bees, who use the houses instead of making their own tunnels. But why should you use bee houses, and why are they at the farm? Unfortunately, native solitary bee populations are on the decline, and could become endangered in the future. Bee houses help these bees find homes. Bee houses also reduce the damage to property as bees will use the houses instead of burrowing into wooden posts and decks. Solitary bees can help your gardens and farms, as they are more efficient pollinators than honeybees, helping you grow more crops, vibrant flowers, and create a healthy environment.  Solitary bee house on a tree at Freetown Farm If you want to build the same bee houses, this is the design used:  The block of wood with the holes is 6 inches long, and each roof block is 7.25 inches long. Each tunnel is around 4 - 5 inches deep. Make sure that the block of wood with the holes is untreated, as bees are more likely to go into that type of wood. There are many ways to hang the bee houses, but the way used at the farm is with key-hole hangers at the back of the bee house.
Make sure to use a low VOC primer and paint on the roofs. VOC stands for volatile organic compound, and the more there is, the more chemical odor there is, which can repel bees. Avoid colors like red or black as bees could perceive these colors as a threat. Blue and purple are good colors to use. The best place to put bee houses is in spots that get sunlight and are near flowers. They should be at least 3-4 feet from the ground. The 35 bee houses at Freetown Farm were built and installed in June 2023 as part of an Eagle Project lead by Krishna Gawandi, a scout in troop 944. Troop 944 is located in Ellicott City, MD and meets at the Bethany United Methodist Church. Good luck making your own bee houses! Krishna Gawandi Dear Farm Fam, This Fall Justin, our Farm Manager, and I have decided it was time to give cover cropping in our growing spaces an earnest effort. Since we are both new in our farming journeys this was the first time either of us had scaled up cover cropping practices beyond a small garden bed or two and so we are excited for what we learn this year. So what is cover cropping? Great question! Cover cropping is a practice to keep your soil health intact by using plants as a protective layer over your soils. There are many plants that growers choose to act as cover crops but they often share some common characteristics; quick to mature, ability to fix nitrogen into the soil, easy to terminate and fold into your soils, etc. Cool! But why should I cover crop? I’m glad you asked. There are many different reasons folks choose to use cover crops but chief among them is to retain soil and water. Bare soil that is exposed to the elements is more likely to get washed or blown away which negatively impacts both farmers and the environment. As a wonderful farmer once told me, soil and water are like a farmer’s bank account. Cover crops are an investment to increase your bank account and can:
By just getting started! We’ve all felt what it’s like to start a new endeavor without feeling like you have all the information and that can be scary. But as a farmer if you give into that fear you might let your window slip by and never get around to actually growing anything! Now this doesn’t mean that you should throw caution to the wind and start tossing seeds willy nilly; do your research, find a crop that fits your space, tools, and goals, BUT don’t let not being 100% certain stop you from trying something new.
If you’re limited by space and machine power like we are at Freetown your best option will likely be crimson clover. It is a nitrogen fixing crop that will feed your soils with nutrients and is easy to terminate (aka mow down) when you are ready to grow again. If you’re interested in learning more about our cover cropping endeavor at Freetown Farm make sure to stop by during one of our volunteer shifts to chat with Justin or myself and get an update on how things have progressed. Ever Growing, Simon  Crimson clover in bloom at the front of the farm |
AuthorSThe Community Ecology Institute co-authors the material on this blog with the support of several team members. Categories
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